Ketellapper, V. L., Williams, L. O., Bell, R. S., & Cramer, M. H. (1996). The control of acid mine drainage at the Summitville Mine Superfund Site. In Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Environmental and Engineering Problems (SAGEEP), vol.1996 (pp. 303–311).
Abstract: The Summitville Mine Superfund Site is located about 25 miles south of Del Norte, Colorado, in Rio Grande County. Occurring at an average elevation of 11,500 feet in the San Juan Mountain Range, the mine site is located two miles east of the Continental Divide. Mining at Summitville has occurred since 1870. The mine was most recently operated by Summitville Consolidated Mining Company, Inc. (SCMCI) as an open pit gold mine with extraction by means of a cyanide leaching process. In December of 1992, SCMCI declared bankruptcy and vacated the mine site. At that time, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) took over operations of the water treatment facilities to prevent a catastrophic release of cyanide and metal-laden water from the mine site. Due to high operational costs of water treatment (approximately $50,000 per day), EPA established a goal to minimize active water treatment by reducing or eliminating acid mine drainage (AMD). All of the sources of AMD generation on the mine site were evaluated and prioritized. Of the twelve areas identified as sources of AMD, the Cropsy Waste Pile, the Summitville Dam Impoundment, the Beaver Mud Dump, the Reynolds and Chandler adits, and the Mine Pits were consider to be the most significant contributors to the generation of metal-laden acidic (low pH) water. A two part plan was developed to control AMD from the most significant sources. The first part was initiated immediately to control AMD being released from the Site. This part focused on improving the efficiency of the water treatment facilities and controlling the AMD discharges from the mine drainage adits. The discharges from the adits was accomplished by plugging the Reynolds and Chandler adits. The second part of the plan was aimed at reducing the AMD generated in groundwater and surface water runoff from the mine wastes. A lined and capped repository located in the mine pits for acid generating mining waste and water treatment plant sludge was found to be the most feasible alternative. Beginning in 1993, mining wastes which were the most significant sources of AMD were being excavated and placed in the Mine Pits. In November 1995, all of the waste from these sources had been excavated and placed in the the Mine Pits. This paper discusses EPA's overall approach to stabilize on-site sources sufficiently such that aquatic, agricultural, and drinking water uses in the Alamosa watershed are restored and/or maintained with minimal water treatment.
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Gong, Z., Huang, J., & Jiang, H. (1996). Study of comprehensive retrieval utilization and the treatment of acid mine wastewater. Zhongnan Gongye Daxue Xuebao = Journal of Central South University of Technology, 27(4), 432–435.
Abstract: Impact of precipitating on removing harmful metal ion in the acid mine wastewater with pH neutralizer and sulfide was studied. The possible way of retrieving heavy metal ion in wastewater was probed. The techniques for lime carbonate to reject iron for hydrogen sulfide to precipitate copper and for zinc-lime cream neutralization flocculation to treat, mine acid wastewater were chosen. The final water quality may reach national effluent standard; the copper content was 32% in the sulfide slag.
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Stewart, B. R. (1996). The influence of fly ash additions on acid mine drainage production from coarse coal refuse. Ph.D. thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University,, Blacksburg.
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Ziemkiewicz, P. F., Skousen, J. G., Skousen, J. G., & Ziemkiewicz, P. F. (1996). Prevention of acid mine drainage by alkaline addition. In Acid mine drainage control and treatment. Morgantown: West Virginia University and the National Mine Land Reclamation Center.
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Ziemkiewicz, P. F., Skousen, J. G., Skousen, J. G., & Ziemkiewicz, P. F. (1996). Overview of acid mine drainage at-source control strategies. In Acid mine drainage control and treatment. Morgantown: West Virginia University and the National Mine Land Reclamation Center.
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