|   | 
Details
   web
Records
Author (down) Zhuang, J.M.
Title Lignor(TM) process for acidic rock drainage treatment Type Journal Article
Year 2004 Publication Environ. Technol. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 25 Issue 9 Pages 1031-1040
Keywords mine water treatment
Abstract The process using lignosulfonates for acidic rock drainage (ARD) treatment is referred to as the Lignor(TM) process. Lignosulfonates are waste by-products produced in the sulfite pulping process. The present study has shown lignosulfonates are able to protect lime from developing an external surface coating, and hence to favor its dissociation. Further, the addition of lignosulfonates to ARD solutions increased the clotting and settling rate of the formed sludge. The capability of lignosulfonates to form stable metal-lignin complexes makes them very useful in retaining metal ions and thus improving the long-term stability of the sludge against leaching. The Lignor(TM) process involves metal sorption with lignosulfonates, ARD neutralization by lime to about pH 7, pH adjustment with caustic soda to 9.4 – 9.6, air oxidation to lower the pH to a desired level, and addition of a minimum amount of FeCl3 for further removal of dissolved metals. The Lignor(TM) process removes all concerned metals (especially Al and Mn) from the ARD of the Britannia Mine (located at Britannia Beach, British Columbia, Canada) to a level lower than the limits of the B.C. Regulations. Compared with the high-density sludge (HDS) process, the Lignor(TM) process has many advantages, such as considerable savings in lime consumption, greatly reduced sludge volume, and improved sludge stability.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Lignor(TM) process for acidic rock drainage treatment; Wos:000224971800006; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science Approved no
Call Number CBU @ c.wolke @ 16998 Serial 117
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Zaluski, M.
Title Design and construction of bioreactors with sulfate-reducing bacteria for acid mine drainage control Type Journal Article
Year 1999 Publication Phytoremediation and Innovative Strategies for Specialized Remedial Applications Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 205-210
Keywords mine water treatment
Abstract At many abandoned mine sites in the Western U.S., conventional treatment of AMD is not feasible due to the of lack of power and limited site accessibility. Therefore, three bioreactors were built at an abandoned mine site in Montana to demonstrate feasibility of treating AMD using sulphate reducing bacteria (SRB) in a passive water treatment train. The SRB are capable of increasing the pH and reducing the load of dissolved metals in the effluent. The reactors, constructed in the Fall of 1998, were designed to evaluate the SRB technology applied under different environmental conditions. Each bioreactor was designed with mechanisms to enable simulation of seasonal dry and wet climatic conditions. Two bioreactors were placed in trenches and one was constructed above the ground to investigate impact of seasonal freezing and thawing on SRB activity. Two bioreactors contain a passive pretreatment section to increase pH of water before the AMD enters the bioreactor chamber.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Design and construction of bioreactors with sulfate-reducing bacteria for acid mine drainage control; Isip:000082416500033; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science Approved no
Call Number CBU @ c.wolke @ 17136 Serial 177
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Younger, P.L.; Cornford, C.
Title Mine water pollution from Kernow to Kwazulu-Natal; geochemical remedial options and their selection in practice Type Journal Article
Year 2002 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords Africa Bolivia case studies Cornwall England cost decision-making decontamination Durham England England Europe geochemistry Great Britain Hlobane Colliery hydrology Kernow England KwaZulu-Natal South Africa metals Milluni Mine mine drainage monitoring pollutants pollution Quaking Houses England remediation South Africa South America South Crofty Mine South-West England Southern Africa United Kingdom water treatment Western Europe Wheal Jane Mine 22, Environmental geology
Abstract Pollution by mine drainage is a major problem in many parts of the world. The most frequent contaminants are Fe, Mn, Al and SO (sub 4) with locally important contributions by other metals/metalloids including (in order of decreasing frequency) Zn, Cu, As, Ni, Cd and Pb. Remedial options for such polluted drainage include monitored natural attenuation, physical intervention to minimise pollutant release, and active and passive water treatment technologies. Based on the assessment of the key hydrological and geochemical attributes of mine water discharges, a rational decision-making framework has now been developed for deciding which (or which combinations) of these options to implement in a specific case. Five case studies illustrate the application of this decision-making process in practice: Wheal Jane and South Crofty (Cornwall), Quaking Houses (Co Durham), Hlobane Colliery (South Africa) and Milluni Tin Mine (Bolivia). In many cases, particularly where the socio-environmental stakes are particularly high, the economic, political and ecological issues will prove even more challenging than the technical difficulties involved in implementing remedial interventions which will be robust in the long term. Hence truly “holistic” mine water remediation is a multi-dimensional business, involving teamwork by a range of geoscientific, hydroecological and socio-economic specialists.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Proceedings of the Ussher Society, vol.10, Part 3 Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title 40th annual meeting of the Ussher Society Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes 2004-019557; 40th annual meeting of the Ussher Society, Saint Austell, United Kingdom, Jan. 3-4, 2002 Scott Simpson lecture References: 39; illus. incl. 3 tables; GeoRef; English Approved no
Call Number CBU @ c.wolke @ 16506 Serial 194
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Younger, P.L.
Title Passive in situ remediation of acidic mine waste leachates: progress and prospects Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Land Reclamation: Extending the Boundaries Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 253-264
Keywords mine water treatment
Abstract The reclamation of former mining sites is a major challenge in many parts of the world. In relation to the restoration of spoil heaps (mine waste rock piles) and similar bodies of opencast backfill, key challenges include (i) the establishment of stable slopes and minimization of other geotechnical hazards (ii) developing and maintaining a healthy vegetative cover (iii) managing the hydrological behaviour of the restored ground. Significant advances have been made over the past four decades in relation to all four of these objectives. One of the most recalcitrant problems is the ongoing generation and release of acidic leachates, which typically emerge at the toes of (otherwise restored) spoil heaps in the form of springs and seepage areas. Such features are testament to the presence of a “perched” groundwater circulation system within the spoil, and their acidity reflects the continued penetration of oxygen to zones within the heaps which contain reactive pyrite (and other iron sulphide minerals). Two obvious strategies for dealing with this problem are disruption of the perched groundwater system and/or exclusion of oxygen entry. These strategies are now being pursued with considerable success where spoil is being reclaimed for the first time, by the installation of two types of physical barrier (dry covers and water covers). However, where a spoil heap has already been revegetated some decades ago, the destruction of an established sward or woodland in order to retro-fit a dry cover or water cover is rarely an attractive option for dealing with the “secondary dereliction” represented by ongoing toe seepages of acidic leachates. More attractive by far are passive treatment techniques, in which the polluted water is forced to flow through reactive media which serve to neutralize its acidity and remove toxic metals from solution. A brief historical review of the development of such systems reveals a general progression from using limestone as the key neutralizing agent, through a combined use of limestone and compost, to systems in which almost all of the neutralization is achieved by means of bacterial sulphate reduction in the saturated compost media of subsurface-flow bioreactors. In almost all cases, these passive treatment systems include an aerobic, surface flow wetland as the final “polishing” step in the treatment process. Such wetlands combine treatment functions (efficient removal of metals from the now-neutralized waters down to low residual concentrations, and re-oxygenating the water prior to discharge to receiving watercourses) with amenity value (attractive areas for recreational walking, bird-watching etc) and ecological value.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Passive in situ remediation of acidic mine waste leachates: progress and prospects; Isip:000183447100035; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science Approved no
Call Number CBU @ c.wolke @ 17016 Serial 158
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author (down) Younger, P.L.
Title The adoption and adaptation of passive treatment technologies for mine waters in the United Kingdom Type Journal Article
Year 2000 Publication Mine Water Env. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 19 Issue 2 Pages 84-97
Keywords wetlands SAPS aerobic wetlands acidity aerobic anaerobic compost iron metals passive reactive barrier water treatment
Abstract During the 1990s, passive treatment technology was introduced to the United Kingdom (UK). Early hesitancy on the part of regulators and practitioners was rapidly overcome, at least for net-alkaline mine waters, so that passive treatment is now the technology of choice for the long-term remediation of such discharges, wherever land availability is not unduly limiting. Six types of passive systems are now being used in the UK for mine water treatment: ¨ aerobic, surface flow wetlands (reed-beds); ¨ anaerobic, compost wetlands with significant surface flow; ¨ mixed compost / limestone systems, with predominantly subsurface flow (so-called Reducing and Alkalinity Producing Systems (RAPS)); ¨ subsurface reactive barriers to treat acidic, metalliferous ground waters; ¨ closed-system limestone dissolution systems for zinc removal from alkaline waters; ¨ roughing filters for treating ferruginous mine waters where land availability is limited. Each of these technologies is appropriate for a different kind of mine water, or for specific hydraulic circumstances. The degree to which each type of system can be considered “proven technology” corresponds to the order in which they are listed above. Many of these passive systems have become foci for detailed scientific research, as part of a $1.5M European Commission project running from 2000 to 2003.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1025-9112 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes The adoption and adaptation of passive treatment technologies for mine waters in the United Kingdom; 1; FG 5 Abb., 1 Tab.; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer Approved no
Call Number CBU @ c.wolke @ 17448 Serial 198
Permanent link to this record