| Records |
| Author |
Younger, P.L. |
| Title |
The adoption and adaptation of passive treatment technologies for mine waters in the United Kingdom |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Mine Water Env. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
19 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages  |
84-97 |
| Keywords |
wetlands SAPS aerobic wetlands acidity aerobic anaerobic compost iron metals passive reactive barrier water treatment |
| Abstract |
During the 1990s, passive treatment technology was introduced to the United Kingdom (UK). Early hesitancy on the part of regulators and practitioners was rapidly overcome, at least for net-alkaline mine waters, so that passive treatment is now the technology of choice for the long-term remediation of such discharges, wherever land availability is not unduly limiting. Six types of passive systems are now being used in the UK for mine water treatment: ¨ aerobic, surface flow wetlands (reed-beds); ¨ anaerobic, compost wetlands with significant surface flow; ¨ mixed compost / limestone systems, with predominantly subsurface flow (so-called Reducing and Alkalinity Producing Systems (RAPS)); ¨ subsurface reactive barriers to treat acidic, metalliferous ground waters; ¨ closed-system limestone dissolution systems for zinc removal from alkaline waters; ¨ roughing filters for treating ferruginous mine waters where land availability is limited. Each of these technologies is appropriate for a different kind of mine water, or for specific hydraulic circumstances. The degree to which each type of system can be considered “proven technology” corresponds to the order in which they are listed above. Many of these passive systems have become foci for detailed scientific research, as part of a $1.5M European Commission project running from 2000 to 2003. |
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1025-9112 |
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| Notes |
The adoption and adaptation of passive treatment technologies for mine waters in the United Kingdom; 1; FG 5 Abb., 1 Tab.; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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no |
| Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 17448 |
Serial |
198 |
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| Author |
Lovell, H.L. |
| Title |
Mine Water Treatment Control |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1971 |
Publication |
Min. Congr. J. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
57 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
83-& |
| Keywords |
mine water treatment |
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Mine Water Treatment Control; Wos:A1971j677200018; Times Cited: 0; ISI Web of Science |
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no |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 9264 |
Serial |
102 |
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| Author |
Bowell, R.J. |
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Book Whole |
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2004 |
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Pages |
75-91 |
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mine water sulphate removal passive treatment acid mine drainage bacteria bioremediation decontamination effluents ground water legislation osmosis oxidation pollutants pollution remediation reverse osmosis selenites sulfate ion toxic materials USGS water treatment |
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University of Newcastle |
Place of Publication |
2 |
Editor |
Jarvis Adam, P.; Dudgeon Bruce, A.; Younger Paul, L. |
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mine water 2004 – Proceedings International Mine Water Association Symposium |
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0-9543827-4-9 |
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A review of sulphate removal options for mine waters; 1; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer; FG 6 Abb., 7 Tab. |
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no |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 9546 |
Serial |
439 |
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Demchak, J.; Morrow, T.; Skousen, J.; Donovan, J.J.; Rose, A.W. |
| Title |
Treatment of acid mine drainage by four vertical flow wetlands in Pennsylvania Evolution and remediation of acid-sulfate groundwater systems at reclaimed mine-sites |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Geochemistry – Exploration, Environment, Analysis |
Abbreviated Journal |
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1 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
71-80 |
| Keywords |
acid mine drainage alkalinity anaerobic environment Appalachian Plateau Appalachians carbonate rocks Clearfield County Pennsylvania constructed wetlands Eh equilibrium Filson Wetlands ground water Howe Bridge Wetlands hydrology Jefferson County Pennsylvania limestone McKinley Wetlands Mill Creek watershed Moose Creek movement North America passive methods Pennsylvania pH pollution reclamation sedimentary rocks Sommerville Wetlands systems United States water treatment watersheds wetlands 22 Environmental geology 02B Hydrochemistry |
| Abstract |
Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a serious problem in many watersheds where coal is mined. Passive treatments, such as wetlands and anoxic limestone drains (ALDs), have been developed, but these technologies show varying treatment efficiencies. A new passive treatment technique is a vertical flow wetland or successive alkalinity producing system (SAPS). Four SAPS in Pennsylvania were studied to determine changes in water chemistry from inflow to outflow. The Howe Bridge SAPS removed about 130 mg l (super -1) (40%) of the inflow acidity concentration and about 100 mg l (super -1) (60%) iron (Fe). The Filson 1 SAPS removed 68 mg l (super -1) (26%) acidity, 20 mg l (super -1) (83%) Fe and 6 mg l (super -1) (35%) aluminium (Al). The Sommerville SAPS removed 112 mg l (super -1) (31%) acidity, exported Fe, and removed 13 mg l (super -1) (30%) Al. The McKinley SAPS removed 54 mg l (super -1) (91%) acidity and 5 mg l (super -1) (90%) Fe. Acid removal rates at our four sites were 17 (HB), 52 (Filson1), 18 (Sommerville) and 11 (McKinley) g of acid per m (super 2) of surface wetland area per day (g/m (super 2) d (super -1) ). Calcium (Ca) concentrations in the SAPS effluents were increased between 8 and 57 mg l (super -1) at these sites. Equilibrators, which were inserted into compost layers to evaluate redox conditions at our sites, showed that reducing conditions were generally found at 60 cm compost depths and oxidized conditions were found at 30 cm compost depths. Deeply oxidized zones substantiated observations that channel flow was occurring through some parts of the compost. The Howe Bridge site has not declined in treatment efficiency over a six year treatment life. The SAPS construction costs were equal to about seven years of NaOH chemical treatment costs and 30 years of lime treatment costs. So, if the SAPS treatment longevity is seven years or greater and comparable effluent water quality was achieved, the SAPS construction was cost effective compared to NaOH chemical treatment. Construction recommendations for SAPS include a minimum of 50 cm of compost thickness, periodic replacement or addition of fresh compost material, and increasing the number of drainage pipes underlying the limestone. |
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1467-7873 |
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| Notes |
Treatment of acid mine drainage by four vertical flow wetlands in Pennsylvania Evolution and remediation of acid-sulfate groundwater systems at reclaimed mine-sites; 2002-008380; References: 15; illus. incl. 5 tables United Kingdom (GBR); GeoRef; English |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 16518 |
Serial |
58 |
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| Author |
Bosman, D.J. |
| Title |
Lime Treatment Of Acid-Mine Water And Associated Solids Liquid Separation |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1983 |
Publication |
Water Sci. Technol. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
71-84 |
| Keywords |
mine water treatment |
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Lime Treatment Of Acid-Mine Water And Associated Solids Liquid Separation; Wos:A1983qg97300005; Times Cited: 7; ISI Web of Science |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 14794 |
Serial |
95 |
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