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Author Banks, D.; Younger, P.L.; Arnesen, R.-T.; Iversen, E.R.; Banks, S.B.
Title Mine-water chemistry: The good, the bad and the ugly Type Journal Article
Year 1997 Publication Environ. Geol. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 32 Issue 3 Pages 157-174
Keywords mine water treatment mine-water chemistry acid mine drainage mine-water pollution mine-water treatment county-durham drainage movements Pollution and waste management non radioactive Groundwater problems and environmental effects mine drainage contamination hydrogeochemistry mine water drainage acid mine drainage
Abstract Contaminative mine drainage waters have become one of the major hydrogeological and geochemical problems arising from mankind's intrusion into the geosphere. Mine drainage waters in Scandinavia and the United Kingdom are of three main types: (1) saline formation waters; (2) acidic, heavy-metal-containing, sulphate waters derived from pyrite oxidation, and (3) alkaline, hydrogen-sulphide-containing, heavy-metal-poor waters resulting from buffering reactions and/or sulphate reduction. Mine waters are not merely to be perceived as problems, they can be regarded as industrial or drinking water sources and have been used for sewage treatment, tanning and industrial metals extraction. Mine-water problems may be addressed by isolating the contaminant source, by suppressing the reactions releasing contaminants, or by active or passive water treatment. Innovative treatment techniques such as galvanic suppression, application of bactericides, neutralising or reducing agents (pulverised fly ash-based grouts, cattle manure, whey, brewers' yeast) require further research.
Address D. Banks, Norges Geologiske Undersokelse, Postboks 3006 – Lade, N-7002 Trondheim, Norway
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ISSN 0943-0105 ISBN Medium
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Notes Oct.; Mine-water chemistry: The good, the bad and the ugly; 0337169; Germany 78; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10620.pdf; Geobase Approved no
Call Number CBU @ c.wolke @ 10620 Serial 18
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Author Rees, B.
Title An overview of passive mine water treatment in Europe Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Mine Water Env. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 26-28
Keywords abandoned mines; Europe; ground water; mines; mining; pollutants; pollution; protection; surface water; water pollution; water quality; water treatment 22, Environmental geology
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ISSN 1025-9112 ISBN Medium
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Notes An overview of passive mine water treatment in Europe; 2007-023994; 1 table Federal Republic of Germany (DEU); GeoRef; English Approved no
Call Number CBU @ c.wolke @ 5411 Serial 19
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Author Coulton, R.H.; Williams, K.P.
Title Active treatment of mine water; a European perspective Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Mine Water Env. Abbreviated Journal
Volume 24 Issue 1 Pages 23-26
Keywords abandoned mines; Europe; ground water; mines; mining; pollutants; pollution; protection; surface water; water pollution; water quality; water treatment 22, Environmental geology
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ISSN 1025-9112 ISBN Medium
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Notes Active treatment of mine water; a European perspective; 2007-023995; illus. incl. 3 tables Federal Republic of Germany (DEU); GeoRef; English Approved no
Call Number CBU @ c.wolke @ 5412 Serial 20
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Author Schoeman, J.J.; Steyn, A.
Title Investigation into alternative water treatment technologies for the treatment of underground mine water discharged by Grootvlei Proprietary Mines Ltd into the Blesbokspruit in South Africa Type Journal Article
Year 2001 Publication Desalination Abbreviated Journal
Volume 133 Issue 1 Pages 13-30
Keywords underground mine water treatment technologies reverse osmosis electrodialysis reversal ion-exchange water quality brine disposal treatment costs
Abstract Grootvlei Proprietary Mines Ltd is discharging between 80 and 100 Ml/d underground water into the Blesbokspruit. This water is pumped out of the mine to keep the underground water at such a level as to make mining possible. The water is of poor quality because it contains high TDS levels (2700-3800 mg/l) including high concentrations of iron, manganese, sulphate, calcium, magnesium, sodium and chloride. This water will adversely affect the water ecology in the Blesbokspruit, and it will significantly increase the TDS concentration of one of the major water resources if not treated prior to disposal into the stream. Therefore, alternative water desalination technologies were evaluated to estimate performance and the economics of the processes for treatment of the mine water. It was predicted that water of potable quality should be produced from the mine water with spiral reverse osmosis (SRO). It was demonstrated that it should be possible to reduce the TDS of the mine water (2000-2700-3400-4500 mg/l) to potable standards with SRO (85% water recovery). The capital costs (pretreatment and desalination) for a 80 Ml/d plant (worst-case water) were estimated at US$35M. Total operating costs were estimated at 88.1c/kl. Brine disposal costs were estimated at US$18M. Therefore, the total capital costs are estimated at US$53M. It was predicted that it should be possible to produce potable water from the worst-case feed water (80 Ml/d) with the EDR process. It was demonstrated that the TDS in the feed could be reduced from 4178 to 246 mg/l in the EDR product (65% water recovery). The capital costs (pretreatment plus desalination) to desalinate the worst-case feed water to potable quality with EDR is estimated at US$53.3M. The operational costs are estimated at 47.6 c/kl. Brine disposal costs were estimated at US$42M. Therefore, the total capital costs are estimated at US$95.3 M. It was predicted that it should be possible to produce potable water from the mine water with the GYP-CIX ion- exchange process. It was demonstrated that the feed TDS (2000- 4500 mg/l) could be reduced to less than 240 mg/l (54% water recovery for the worst-case water). The capital cost for an 80 Ml/d ion-exchange plant (worst-case water) was estimated at US$26.7M (no pretreatment). Operational costs were estimated at 60.4 c/kl. Brine disposal costs were estimated at US$55.1M. Therefore, the total desalination costs were estimated at US$81.8M. The capital outlay for a SRO plant will be significantly less than that for either an EDR or a GYP-CIX plant. The operating costs, however, of the RO plant are significantly higher than for the other two processes. Potable water sales, however, will bring more in for the RO process than for the other two processes because a higher water recovery can be obtained with RO. The operating costs minus the savings in water sales were estimated at 17.2; 6.7 and US$8.6M/y for the RO, EDR and GYP-CIX processes, respectively (worst case). Therefore, the operational costs of the EDR and GYP-CIX processes are the lowest if the sale of water is taken into consideration. This may favour the EDR and GYP-CIX processes for the desalination of the mine water.
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ISSN 0011-9164 ISBN Medium
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Notes Feb. 10; Investigation into alternative water treatment technologies for the treatment of underground mine water discharged by Grootvlei Proprietary Mines Ltd into the Blesbokspruit in South Africa; Isi:000167087500002; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10184.pdf; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer Approved no
Call Number CBU @ c.wolke @ 17480 Serial 23
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Author Ntengwe, F.W.
Title An overview of industrial wastewater treatment and analysis as means of preventing pollution of surface and underground water bodies – The case of Nkana Mine in Zambia Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication Phys. Chem. Earth Abbreviated Journal
Volume 30 Issue 11-16 Spec. Iss. Pages 726-734
Keywords mine water treatment Groundwater problems and environmental effects Pollution and waste management non radioactive geomechanics abstracts: excavations (77 10 10) geological abstracts: environmental geology (72 14 2) wastewater pollution control acid mine drainage Hyacinthus Zambia Southern Africa Sub Saharan Africa Africa Eastern Hemisphere World
Abstract The wastewaters coming from mining operations usually have low pH (acidic) values and high levels of metal pollutants depending on the type of metals being extracted. If unchecked, the acidity and metals will have an impact on the surface water. The organisms and plants can adversely be affected and this renders both surface and underground water unsuitable for use by the communities. The installation of a treatment plant that can handle the wastewaters so that pH and levels of pollutants are reduced to acceptable levels provides a solution to the prevention of polluting surface and underground waters and damage to ecosystems both in water and surrounding soils. The samples were collected at five points and analyzed for acidity, total suspended solids, and metals. It was found that the pH fluctuated between pH 2 when neutralization was forgotten and pH 11 when neutralization took place. The levels of metals that could cause impacts to the water ecosystem were found to be high when the pH was low. High levels of metals interfere with multiplication of microorganisms, which help in the natural purification of water in stream and river bodies. The fish and hyacinth placed in water at the two extremes of pH 2 and pH 11 could not survive indicating that wastewaters from mining areas should be adequately treated and neutralized to pH range 6-9 if life in natural waters is to be sustained. < copyright > 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Address F.W. Ntengwe, Copperbelt University, School of Technology, P.O. Box 21692, Kitwe, Zambia fntengwe@cbu.ac.zm
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ISSN 1474-7065 ISBN Medium
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Notes Review; An overview of industrial wastewater treatment and analysis as means of preventing pollution of surface and underground water bodies – The case of Nkana Mine in Zambia; 2790318; United-Kingdom 23; file:///C:/Dokumente%20und%20Einstellungen/Stefan/Eigene%20Dateien/Artikel/10301.pdf; Geobase Approved no
Call Number CBU @ c.wolke @ 17497 Serial 24
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