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Kuyucak, N. (2001). Acid mining drainage prevention and control. Mining Environmental Management, 9(1), 12–15.
Keywords: acid mine drainage; bacteria; biodegradation; chemical properties; controls; disposal barriers; dissolved materials; geomembranes; heavy metals; hydrolysis; leaching; migration of elements; moisture; oxidation; permeability; pollution; ponds; preventive measures; reclamation; retention; risk assessment; sulfate ion; sulfides; synthetic materials; tailings; toxic materials; underground installations; underground storage; waste disposal; waste management; water pollution; water treatment 22, Environmental geology
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LaPointe, F., Fytas, K., & McConchie, D. (2005). Using permeable reactive barriers for the treatment of acid rock drainage. International journal of surface mining, reclamation and environment, 19(1), 57–65.
Abstract: Acid mine drainage (AMD) is the most serious environmental problem facing the Canadian mineral industry today. It results from oxidation of sulphide minerals (e.g. pyrite or pyrrhotite) contained in mine waste or mine tailings and is characterized by acid effluents rich in heavy metals that are released into the environment. A new acid remediation technology is presented, by which metallurgical residues from the aluminium extraction industry are used to construct permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) to treat acid mine effluents. This technology is very promising for treating acid mine effluents in order to decrease their harmful environmental effects
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Nakazawa, H. (2006). Treatment of acid mine drainage containing iron ions and arsenic for utilization of the sludge. Sohn International Symposium Advanced Processing of Metals and Materials, Vol 9, , 373–381.
Abstract: An acid mine drainage in abandoned Horobetsu mine in Hokkaido, Japan, contains arsenic and iron ions; total arsenic ca.10ppm, As(III) ca. 8.5ppm, total iron 379ppm, ferrous iron 266ppm, pH1.8. Arsenic occurs mostly as arsenite (As (III)) or arsenate (As (V)) in natural water. As(III) is more difficult to be remove than As(V), and it is necessary to oxidize As(III) to As(V) for effective removal. 5mL of the mine drainage or its filtrate through the membrane filter (pore size 0.45 mu m) were added to arsenite solutions (pH1.8) with the concentration of 5ppm. After the incubation of 30 days, As(III) was oxidized completely with the addition of the mine drainage while the oxidation did not occur with the addition of filtrate, indicating the microbial oxidation of As(III). In this paper, we have investigated the microbial oxidation of As(III) in acid water below pH2.0.
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Ntengwe, F. W. (2005). An overview of industrial wastewater treatment and analysis as means of preventing pollution of surface and underground water bodies – The case of Nkana Mine in Zambia. Phys. Chem. Earth, 30(11-16 Spec. Iss.), 726–734.
Abstract: The wastewaters coming from mining operations usually have low pH (acidic) values and high levels of metal pollutants depending on the type of metals being extracted. If unchecked, the acidity and metals will have an impact on the surface water. The organisms and plants can adversely be affected and this renders both surface and underground water unsuitable for use by the communities. The installation of a treatment plant that can handle the wastewaters so that pH and levels of pollutants are reduced to acceptable levels provides a solution to the prevention of polluting surface and underground waters and damage to ecosystems both in water and surrounding soils. The samples were collected at five points and analyzed for acidity, total suspended solids, and metals. It was found that the pH fluctuated between pH 2 when neutralization was forgotten and pH 11 when neutralization took place. The levels of metals that could cause impacts to the water ecosystem were found to be high when the pH was low. High levels of metals interfere with multiplication of microorganisms, which help in the natural purification of water in stream and river bodies. The fish and hyacinth placed in water at the two extremes of pH 2 and pH 11 could not survive indicating that wastewaters from mining areas should be adequately treated and neutralized to pH range 6-9 if life in natural waters is to be sustained. < copyright > 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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Okuda, T., Ema, S., Ishizaki, C., & Fujimoto, J. (1991). Mine drainage treatment and ferrite sludge application. NEC Technical Journal, 44(5), 4–16.
Abstract: The `ferrite process' is an excellent method for treating waste water containing iron and arsenic, but cannot be directly applied to mine drainage where silicon and aluminum ions are present, because they strongly inhibit ferrite formation. As a result of the development of related technologies such as the elimination of silicon, the concentration of iron, and the oxidation of ferrous ions using iron-oxidation bacteria, a new ferrite formation process has been developed and applied to the mine drainage of the Matsuo Mine. The paper discusses the application of the ferrite sludge to magnetic marking materials, magnetic fluid for metal separation and recovery, and the semiactive magnetic damper is described. The related technologies which will be expected to play an important role in solving the environmental problems are also described. These technologies will change the ferrite sludge to beneficial materials, which can be used for carbon dioxide decomposing catalysts, reuse of dry batteries, fish gathering blocks, and cement tracer for ground improvement
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