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Ziemkiewicz, P.F.; Skousen, J.G.; Simmons, J. |
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Title |
Long-term Performance of Passive Acid Mine Drainage Treatment Systems |
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2003 |
Publication |
Mine Water Env. |
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22 |
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3 |
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118-129 |
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Keywords |
acidity acid load aerobic wetlands anaerobic wetlands anoxic limestone drains limestone leach beds open limestone channels slag leach beds successive alkalinity producing systems vertical flow wetlands |
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Abstract |
State and federal reclamation programs, mining operators, and citizen-based watershed organizations have constructed hundreds of passive systems in the eastern U.S. over the past 20 years to provide reliable, low cost, low maintenance mine water treatment in remote locations. While performance has been reported for individual systems, there has not been a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of each treatment type for a wide variety of conditions. We evaluated 83 systems: five types in eight states. Each system was monitored for influent and effluent flow, pH, net acidity, and metal concentrations. Performance was normalized among types by calculating acid load reductions and removals, and by converting construction cost, projected service life, and metric tonnes of acid load treated into cost per tonne of acid treated. Of the 83 systems, 82 reduced acid load. Average acid load reductions were 9.9 t/yr for open limestone channels (OLC), 10.1 t/yr for vertical flow wetlands (VFW), 11.9 t/yr for anaerobic wetlands (AnW), 16.6 t/yr for limestone leach beds (LSB), and 22.2 t/yr for anoxic limestone drains (ALD). Average costs for acid removal varied from $83/t/yr for ALDs to $527 for AnWs. Average acid removals were 25 g/m2/day for AnWs, 62 g/m2/day for VFWs, 22 g/day/t for OLCs, 28 g/day/t for LSBs, and 56 g/day/t for ALDs. It appears that the majority of passive systems are effective but there was wide variation within each system type, so improved reliability and efficiency are needed. This report is an initial step in determining passive treatment system performance; additional work is needed to refine system designs and monitoring. |
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1025-9112 |
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Long-term Performance of Passive Acid Mine Drainage Treatment Systems; 1; FG 1 Abb., 7 Tab.; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17454 |
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187 |
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Author |
Wisotzky, F. |
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Title |
Saure Bergbauwässer (Acid Mine Drainage) und deren Qualitätsverbesserung durch Zugabe von alkalisch wirkenden Zuschlagstoffen zum Abraum : Untersuchungen im Rheinischen Braunkohlenrevier |
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2003 |
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Deutsches gewässerkundliches Jahrbuch |
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167 |
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Rheinisches Braunkohlenrevier Grubenwasser Versauerung Pyrit Oxidation Braunkohlentagebau Bergbaurestsee Gewässerversauerung Hydrogeochemie Neutralisation Zuschlagstoff |
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Saure Bergbauwässer (Acid Mine Drainage) und deren Qualitätsverbesserung durch Zugabe von alkalisch wirkenden Zuschlagstoffen zum Abraum : Untersuchungen im Rheinischen Braunkohlenrevier; Nordrhein-Westfalen / Landesumweltamt; Zugl.: Bochum, Univ., Habil.-Schr., 2003; Opac |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 6918 |
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205 |
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Walton-Day, K. |
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2003 |
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335-359 |
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passive treatment active treatment mine water acid mine drainage |
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Mineralogical Association of Canada |
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31 |
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Raeside, R. |
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Short Course Series Volume |
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0-921294-31-X |
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Passive and active treatment of mine drainage; 4; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer; TUBAFG 04.399 8 Abb. |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 9944 |
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219 |
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Taylor, J.; Waters, J. |
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Title |
Treating ARD; how, when, where and why |
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2003 |
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Mining Environmental Management |
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11 |
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3 |
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6-9 |
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acid mine drainage; acid rock drainage; acidification; alkalinity; carbonate rocks; chemical properties; chemical reactions; coal; disposal barriers; economics; flocculation; ground water; heavy metals; human activity; ion exchange; limestone; mines; oxidation; oxides; permeability; pollution; porosity; pyrolusite; remediation; sedimentary rocks; surface water; waste disposal; waste management; water pollution; water treatment; wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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0969-4218 |
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Treating ARD; how, when, where and why; 2004-045038; References: 8; illus. incl. 2 tables United Kingdom (GBR); GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 5528 |
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225 |
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Laine, D.M.; Jarvis, A.P. |
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Design aspects of passive in situ remediation schemes for minign & industrial effluents |
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2003 |
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Tübinger Geowissenschaftliche Arbeiten |
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C68 |
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95-113 |
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Keywords |
mine water passive treatment |
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0935-4948 |
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Design aspects of passive in situ remediation schemes for minign & industrial effluents; 1; FG 1 Abb., 2 Tab.; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 9759 |
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319 |
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