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Becker, G.; Wade, S.; Riggins, J.D.; Cullen, T.B.; Venn, C.; Hallen, C.P. |
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Title |
Effect of Bast Mine treatment discharge on Big Mine Run AMD and Mahanoy Creek in the Western Middle Anthracite Field of Pennsylvania |
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Journal Article |
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2005 |
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abandoned mines acid mine drainage anthracite Ashland Pennsylvania Bast Mine Big Mine Run coal coal fields coal mines Columbia County Pennsylvania discharge geochemistry hydrochemistry hydrology Mahanoy Creek mines Northumberland County Pennsylvania Pennsylvania pollution rivers and streams Schuylkill County Pennsylvania sedimentary rocks surface water United States water quality water treatment Western Middle Anthracite Field 22 Environmental geology 02A General geochemistry |
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The Bast Mine (reopened in 2001) and Big Mine are two anthracite coal mines near Ashland, PA, that were abandoned in the 1930's and that are now causing drastic and opposite effects on the water quality of the streams originating from them. To quantify these effects, multiple samples were taken at 5 different sites: 3 along Big Mine Run and 2 from Mahanoy Creek (1 upstream and 1 downstream of the confluence with Big Mine Run). At each site, one set of the samples was treated with nitric acid for metals survey, one set was acidified with sulfuric acid for nitrate preservation, one set was filtered for sulfate and phosphate tests, and one set was unaltered. Measurements of pH, TDS, dissolved oxygen, and temperature were made in the field. Alkalinity, acidity, hardness, nitrates, orthophosphates and sulfates were analyzed using Hach procedures. Selected metals (Fe, Ni, Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn, Hg, Pb) were analyzed utilizing flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Drainage from the Bast Mine is actively treated with hydrated lime before the water is piped down to Big Mine Run. pH and alkalinity values were much higher at the outflow compared to those in the water with which it merged. The two waters could be visibly distinguished some distance downstream. pH values decreased, sulfate and dissolved iron increased and alkalinity was reduced to zero until the confluence with Mahanoy Creek. The high alkalinity, turbidity, TDS and calcium values in Mahanoy Creek were somewhat reduced downstream of the confluence with the much lower discharge Big Mine Run. |
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Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America |
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Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 40th annual meeting |
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2006-042616; Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 40th annual meeting, Saratoga Springs, NY, United States, March 14-16, 2005; GeoRef; English |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16455 |
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459 |
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Bolzicco, J.; Carrera, J.; Ayora, C. |
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Title |
Eficiencia de la barrera permeable reactiva de Aznalcollar (Sevilla, Espana) como remedio de aguas acidas de mina. Reactive permeable disposal barrier at Aznalcollar Mine, Seville, Spain; as remediation for acid mine drainage |
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Journal Article |
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2004 |
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Revista Latino-Americana de Hidrogeologia |
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4 |
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27-34 |
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abandoned mines acid mine drainage Agrio River Andalusia Spain aquifers Aznalcollar Mine Cenozoic chemical composition chemical ratios copper ores dams disposal barriers drainage basins Europe geochemistry ground water Guadiamar River hydrochemistry Iberian Peninsula Iberian pyrite belt igneous rocks metal ores mineral composition mines mining Miocene Neogene permeability pH pollution reactive barriers remediation sedimentary rocks sediments Seville Spain Southern Europe Spain surface water tailings Tertiary volcanic rocks waste disposal water treatment zinc ores 22, Environmental geology |
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As a result of the collapse of a mine tailing dam in april 1998 about 40 km of the Agrio and Guadiamar valleys were covered with a layer of pyrite sludge. Although most of the sludge was removed, a small amount remains in the soil of the Agrio valley and the aquifer remains polluted with acid water (ph<4) and metals (10 mg/L Zn, 5 mg/L Cu and Al). A permeable reactive barrier was build across the aquifer to increase the alcalinity and retain the metals. The barrier is made up of three sections of 30 m longX1.4 m thickX5 m deep (average) containing different proportions of limestone gravel, organic compost and zero-valent iron. The residence time of the water in the barrier is about two days. Within the barrier, the pH values increase to near neutral mainly due to calcite dissolution. Metals co-precipitate as oxyhydroxides, and they are also adsorbed on the organic matter surface. Down-stream the barrier, the total pollution removal is around 60-90% for Zn and Cu, and from 50 to 90% for Al and acidity. |
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Eficiencia de la barrera permeable reactiva de Aznalcollar (Sevilla, Espana) como remedio de aguas acidas de mina. Reactive permeable disposal barrier at Aznalcollar Mine, Seville, Spain; as remediation for acid mine drainage; 2004-072864; References: 7; illus. incl. geol. sketch map Brazil (BRA); GeoRef; Spanish |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16471 |
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443 |
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Author |
Arango, I. |
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Evaluation of the beneficial effects of the acidophilic alga Euglena mutabilis on acid mine drainage systems |
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2002 |
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acid mine drainage atmospheric precipitation benthic taxa bioremediation dissolved materials dissolved oxygen electron microscopy data Euglena mutabilis Green Valley Mine ICP mass spectra Indiana iron mass spectra metals microorganisms mines oxygen pH photochemistry photosynthesis pollution rain remediation sediments soils spectra temperature United States Vigo County Indiana water 22, Environmental geology |
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Euglena mutabilis is an acidophilic, photosynthetic protozoan that forms benthic mats in acid mine drainage (AMD) channels. At the Green Valley mine, western Indiana, E. mutabilis resides in AMD measuring <4.2 pH, with high concentrations of dissolved constituents (up to 22.67 g/l). One of the main factors influencing E. mutabilis distribution is water temperature. The microbe forms thick (>1 mm), extensive mats during spring and fall, when water temperature is between 13 and 28 degrees C. During winter and summer, when temperatures are outside this range, benthic communities have a very patchy distribution and are restricted to areas protected from extreme temperature changes. E. mutabilis also responds to rapid increases in pH, which are associated with rainfall events. During these events pH can increase above 4.0, causing precipitation of Fe and Al oxy-hydroxides that cover the mats. The microbe responds by moving through the precipitates, due to phototaxis, and reestablishing the community at the sediment-water interface within 12 hours. The biological activities of E. mutabilis may have a beneficial effect on AMD systems by removing iron from effluent via oxygenic photosynthesis, and/or by internal sequestration. Photosynthesis by E. mutabilis contributes elevated concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO), up to 17.25 mg/l in the field and up to 11.83 mg/l in the laboratory, driving oxidation and precipitation of reduced metal species, especially Fe (II), which are dissolved in the effluent. In addition, preliminary electro-microscopic and staining analyses of the reddish intracellular granules in E. mutabilis indicate that the granules contain iron, suggesting that E. mutabilis sequesters iron from AMD. Inductive coupled plasma analysis of iron concentration in AMD with and without E. mutabilis also shows that E. mutabilis accelerates the rate of Fe removal from the media. Whether iron removal is accelerated by internal sequestration of iron and/or by precipitation via oxygenic photosynthesis has yet to be determined. These biological activities may play an important role in the natural remediation of AMD systems. |
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Ph.D. thesis |
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Indiana State University, |
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Terre Haute |
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Evaluation of the beneficial effects of the acidophilic alga Euglena mutabilis on acid mine drainage systems; GeoRef; English; References: 39; illus. incl. 3 tables |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16491 |
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476 |
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Brown, M.; Barley, B.; Wood, H. |
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2002 |
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acid mine drainage acidic composition bioremediation case studies chemical composition chemical reactions coal mines concentration constructed wetlands discharge England Europe Great Britain ground water international cooperation ion exchange kinetics legislation mines mining open-pit mining physicochemical properties policy pollution regulations remediation Scotland sulfate ion surface mining surface water tailings techniques technology underground mining United Kingdom Wales waste disposal waste management waste rock water pollution water resources water treatment weathering Western Europe wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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IWA Publishing |
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London |
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Minewater treatment; technology, application and policy |
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1843390043 |
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Minewater treatment; technology, application and policy; 2006-084782; GeoRef; English; Includes appendices References: 416; illus. |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16503 |
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433 |
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Younger, P.L.; Banwart, S.A.; Hedin, R.S. |
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2002 |
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acid mine drainage acidification active treatment aquifer vulnerability aquifers bioremediation chemical composition critical load decision-making discharge engineering properties geomembranes ground water impact statements karst hydrology microorganisms mine dewatering mines natural attenuation pollution regulations remediation risk assessment sedimentation sludge solute transport surface water tailings tailings ponds waste management water management water pollution water quality weathering wetlands 22, Environmental geology |
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Kluwer Academic Publishers |
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Dordrecht |
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Alloway, B.J.; Trevors, J.T. |
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Mine water; hydrology, pollution, remediation |
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140200138x; 1202001371 |
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Mine water; hydrology, pollution, remediation; 2003-030514; GeoRef; English; Includes appendix References: 516; illus. |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 16504 |
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196 |
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