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Holmes, J., & Kreusch, E. (1972). Acid mine drainage treatment by ion exchange. Washington: U.S. Govenment Print. Office.
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Agency, U. S. E. P. (1972). Electrochemical treatment of acid mine waters.81.
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Wilmoth, R. C. (1973). Environmental Protection Agency, Technology Series Report. Washington: U.S. Government Print. Offfice.
Abstract: EPA 670 2 73 100 Spiral-wound reverse osmosis systems were tested on four different acid mine drainage discharges in west virginia and pennsylvania. Comparison studies were made of the hollow-fiber, tubular, and spiral-wound systems at a ferrous iron acid discharge; and of hollow-fiber and spiral-wound systems at a ferric iron acid discharge. At all sites, the limiting factor in high recovery operation was calcium sulfate insolubility. An empirical formula was developed for predicting maximum recovery. Application of reverse osmosis was demonstrated to be technically feasible for a large percentage of acid mine drainage discharges. A process called 'neutrolisis' was developed in which the reverse osmosis brine is neutralized and clarified, and the supernatant recycled to the influent to the reverse osmosis unit. In this manner, the neutrolosis process discharges only a high quality product water and a neutralized sludge. Neutrolosis recoveries as high as 98.8 percent were achieved at a ferric iron acid discharge site. (epa)
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Larsen, H. P. (1973). Chemical Treatment Of Metal-Bearing Mine Drainage. J. Water Poll. Control Fed., 45(8), 1682–1695.
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Stoddard, C. K. (1973). Abatement Of Mine Drainage Pollution By Underground Precipitation. Environmental protection technology series, , 125.
Abstract: Laboratory tests with synthetic acid mine water show the sealing effect of the gelatinous precipitate that forms when hydrated lime or powdered limestone is added in a simulated mine entry closed by a porous barrier.^Field tests were conducted in a recently abandoned coal mine.^Hydrated lime and limestone slurries were pumped into the mine water behind rubble barriers through 2-inch steel pipes to test the laboratory findings.^The outflow was observed at weirs attached to the ends of two 12-inch diameter drain pipes.^The results indicated that only temporary sealing of the outflow was achieved and that neutralization took place when the interior water flow conditions were favorable.
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