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Author |
Skousen, J.G.; Rose, A.; Geidel, G.; Foreman, J.; Evans, R.; Hellier, W. |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
1998 |
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130 pp |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage mine water remediation |
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Abstract |
An array of techniques have been developed during the last several decades to abate or control pollution by acid mine drainage (AMD) from coal and metal mines. Although most of these techniques are successful in eliminating or decreasing the deleterious effects of AMD in some situations, they are unsuccessful in others. Due to the inherent variability between mines and environmental conditions, no one abatement or treatment technique is effective on all sites, and selection of the best method on each site is difficult given the array of methods available. The techniques also vary in the type and size of problem they are capable of handling. Their individual costs, effectiveness, and maintenance are also important considerations. Therefore, accurate information is needed to understand the limitations of the various methods and their response to various site variables. Continued research is imperative for field testing of existing technologies, as well as continued development of new technologies. At present, there is no authoritative guide or manual to assist in evaluating the best technique for a given situation. In order to continue to mine coal and other minerals without harming the environment, the best science and techniques must be identified and implemented in order to minimize the production of AMD. To accomplish this goal, the Acid Mine Drainage Technology Initiative (ADTI) was organized to promote communication among scientists and engineers dealing with AMD, and to develop a consensus on the identification and optimum usage of each method. The intent is to provide information on selection of appropriate techniques for specific problems that will ultimately lead to a higher level of success in avoidance of AMD and remediation of existing sources, at a savings in cost and staff time, and with greater assurance that a planned technique will accomplish its objective. This effort will result in enhancement of mine drainage quality, improvement in stream cleanup and its cost effectiveness, and development of a mechanism for technology transfer. |
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The National Mine Land Reclamation Center |
Place of Publication |
Morgantown |
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Series Title |
Handbook of Technologies for Avoidance and Remediation of Acid Mine Drainage |
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Handbook of Technologies for Avoidance and Remediation of Acid Mine Drainage; 2; VORHANDEN | AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer; FG als Datei vorhanden 3 Abb. |
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no |
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CBU @ c.wolke @ 17424 |
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243 |
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Author |
Ziemkiewicz, P.F.; Skousen, J.G.; Simmons, J. |
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Title |
Long-term Performance of Passive Acid Mine Drainage Treatment Systems |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Mine Water Env. |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume |
22 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
118-129 |
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Keywords |
acidity acid load aerobic wetlands anaerobic wetlands anoxic limestone drains limestone leach beds open limestone channels slag leach beds successive alkalinity producing systems vertical flow wetlands |
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Abstract |
State and federal reclamation programs, mining operators, and citizen-based watershed organizations have constructed hundreds of passive systems in the eastern U.S. over the past 20 years to provide reliable, low cost, low maintenance mine water treatment in remote locations. While performance has been reported for individual systems, there has not been a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of each treatment type for a wide variety of conditions. We evaluated 83 systems: five types in eight states. Each system was monitored for influent and effluent flow, pH, net acidity, and metal concentrations. Performance was normalized among types by calculating acid load reductions and removals, and by converting construction cost, projected service life, and metric tonnes of acid load treated into cost per tonne of acid treated. Of the 83 systems, 82 reduced acid load. Average acid load reductions were 9.9 t/yr for open limestone channels (OLC), 10.1 t/yr for vertical flow wetlands (VFW), 11.9 t/yr for anaerobic wetlands (AnW), 16.6 t/yr for limestone leach beds (LSB), and 22.2 t/yr for anoxic limestone drains (ALD). Average costs for acid removal varied from $83/t/yr for ALDs to $527 for AnWs. Average acid removals were 25 g/m2/day for AnWs, 62 g/m2/day for VFWs, 22 g/day/t for OLCs, 28 g/day/t for LSBs, and 56 g/day/t for ALDs. It appears that the majority of passive systems are effective but there was wide variation within each system type, so improved reliability and efficiency are needed. This report is an initial step in determining passive treatment system performance; additional work is needed to refine system designs and monitoring. |
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1025-9112 |
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Notes |
Long-term Performance of Passive Acid Mine Drainage Treatment Systems; 1; FG 1 Abb., 7 Tab.; AMD ISI | Wolkersdorfer |
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no |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 17454 |
Serial |
187 |
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Author |
Ziemkiewicz, P.F.; Skousen, J.G.; Skousen, J.G.; Ziemkiewicz, P.F. |
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Title |
Overview of acid mine drainage at-source control strategies |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Acid mine drainage control and treatment |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage; acidification; alkalinity; backfill; coal mines; disposal barriers; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrology; leaching; legislation; mines; mitigation; Pennsylvania; pollution; prediction; reclamation; remediation; simulation; SMCRA; soils; Surface Mine Control and Reclamation Act; surface water; topsoil; toxicity; United States; waste disposal; waste rock; water quality; weathering 22, Environmental geology |
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West Virginia University and the National Mine Land Reclamation Center |
Place of Publication |
Morgantown |
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Overview of acid mine drainage at-source control strategies; GeoRef; English; 2004-051145; Edition: 2 References: 44 |
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no |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 6355 |
Serial |
186 |
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Author |
Ziemkiewicz, P.F.; Skousen, J.G.; Skousen, J.G.; Ziemkiewicz, P.F. |
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Title |
Prevention of acid mine drainage by alkaline addition |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Acid mine drainage control and treatment |
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acid mine drainage; acidification; alkalinity; Appalachians; coal; land use; leachate; leaching; mines; mitigation; North America; oxidation; pollution; preventive measures; pyrite; reclamation; sampling; sedimentary rocks; soils; spoils; sulfides; surface water; techniques; United States; water pollution; water quality; water treatment; weathered materials; West Virginia 22, Environmental geology |
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West Virginia University and the National Mine Land Reclamation Center |
Place of Publication |
Morgantown |
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Prevention of acid mine drainage by alkaline addition; GeoRef; English; 2004-051146; Edition: 2 References: 18; illus. incl. 2 tables |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 6356 |
Serial |
185 |
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Author |
Ziemkiewicz, P.F.; Meek, F.A., Jr.; Skousen, J.G.; Ziemkiewicz, P.F. |
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Title |
Long term behavior of acid forming rock; results of 11-year field studies |
Type |
Book Chapter |
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Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Acid mine drainage control and treatment |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Keywords |
acid mine drainage; acid rock drainage; alkaline earth metals; alkalinity; calcium; chemical composition; clastic rocks; coal mines; leachate; metals; mines; pH; pollution; prediction; reclamation; remediation; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; shale; spoils; sulfate ion; sulfur; United States; Upshur County West Virginia; waste disposal; waste rock; weathered materials; weathering; West Virginia 22, Environmental geology |
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West Virginia University and the National Mine Land Reclamation Center |
Place of Publication |
Morgantown |
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Long term behavior of acid forming rock; results of 11-year field studies; GeoRef; English; 2004-051147; Edition: 2 References: 9; illus. incl. 1 table |
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Call Number |
CBU @ c.wolke @ 6357 |
Serial |
190 |
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